Richard K. Guy refers to him as "F. Göbel" in his Unsolved Problems of Number Theory but that's as close as I can get.
For reference:
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Sign up to join this communityRichard K. Guy refers to him as "F. Göbel" in his Unsolved Problems of Number Theory but that's as close as I can get.
For reference:
The first thing I tried was searching for "Gobel" at the Mathematics Genealogy Project, which I figured wouldn't be successful because for something like this it's likely the person doesn't have a math Ph.D. (or any Ph.D.), and it's also something I would assume you tried. However, there was a single "F. Göbel" listed, Frits Göbel, and his thesis title also somewhat suggests that this might be the correct person. (A title such as "Enriched Categories and Quasi-uniform Spaces" would, for example, have had me thinking otherwise.)
Then I tried the google search "Göbel's sequence" + "Fritz" and got exactly one hit, this 25 September 1986 letter from Richard K. Guy to Neil J. A. Sloan. The sequence $1,$ $2,$ $3,$ $5,$ $10,$ $28,$ $154,$ $3520,\, \ldots$ at the bottom of the first page is identified with the name Fritz Göbel. The google search "Fritz Göbel" + "sequence" appears to confirm that this is the Göbel you want. I don't know whether he has a middle name or his birth year, but I believe he is still alive.