When was the fact that a spin could only have values S = n/2 derived? I cannot find any source that says when.
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$\begingroup$ @Spencer That does not have anything to do with the history of spin. $\endgroup$– HDE 226868 ♦Commented Dec 10, 2016 at 14:39
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$\begingroup$ @Spencer Please note that questions on other sites cannot be the target of a duplication on Stack Exchange sites. If you think this question does not belong on this site, you can flag it as such. $\endgroup$– Danu ♦Commented Dec 10, 2016 at 19:22
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Quantization of spin was discovered experimentaly by Stern and Gerlach in 1922. See Wikipedia article "Stern-Gerlach experiment". The correct theoretical model for spin was constructed by Pauli and Dirac in 1928.
answered Dec 11, 2016 at 3:35
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$\begingroup$ Although a shout-out to Samuel Goudsmit might also be in order for proposing intrinsic electron spin, not just atomic spin, in 1925 (published in Nature in 1926). $\endgroup$ Commented Dec 13, 2016 at 18:40