What's the history of the use of crude oil before the Industrial Revolution? What is the earliest civilization that used or refined crude oil for energy or manufacturing?

Wiktionary says the Latin word petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”), is medieval Latin, so presumably at least the medievals had uses for it.

What's the history of the use of crude oil for transportation before the Industrial Revolution?

Wiktionary says the Latin word petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”), is medieval Latin, so presumably at least the medievals had uses for it.